Nail deformity:
common causes, treatment methods and prevention
Nails are an important part of a person's health and aesthetic appearance, as they are not only a solid layer covering the fingertips, but also represent an indicator of the body's internal health. Therefore, any change in the shape, color or thickness of nails may be a sign of a health problem that requires attention.
The term nail
deformity refers to any abnormal change in its structure or appearance, which may range from a simple, temporary problem to a symptom of a more serious disease.
Common causes of nail deformity
Injuries and direct pressure
One of the most common causes is a nail injury caused by a strong blow or repeated pressure, such as wearing tight shoes. These factors may lead to discoloration, cracks or even separation of the nail from the skin.
Fungal infection
Fungal infections are one of the most prominent causes that lead to thickening of nails, changing their color to yellow or brown, and distorting their shape. Toenails are often affected by moisture and heat inside shoes.
Skin diseases
Some skin conditions, such as psoriasis and eczema, can affect the nails, causing cracks, small holes on the nail surface, or abnormal peeling.
Vitamin and mineral deficiency
A deficiency of nutrients such as iron, zinc, calcium, and vitamin B12 may lead to brittle nails, a tendency to arch or the appearance of white lines and spots on them.
Chronic diseases
Some general diseases may affect the nails
- such as heart
- liver
- kidney
or thyroid diseases. In these cases :
nail deformity is a symptom that requires a comprehensive diagnosis.
Aging
As we age
- nails become thicker
- and more brittle, making them
- more likely to become deformed or discolored.
Bad daily habits
Nail biting or excessive use of chemicals such as nail polish and removing it may weaken them and distort their appearance.
Methods of treating nail deformity
Treatment depends on knowing the underlying cause of the deformity, as treating the nail alone without treating the cause may not give effective results.
Drug treatment
- In case of fungal infection
- antifungals are used either
- as topical paints or tablets taken orally.
Skin conditions such as psoriasis may require topical treatments containing cortisone or systemic treatments under the supervision of a doctor.
Nutritional therapy
If the cause is a nutritional deficiency, replacing lost vitamins and minerals is an essential step. Eating a balanced diet rich in iron
(such as meat and leafy vegetables), zinc (such as nuts and legumes), and vitamin B12 (such as fish and eggs) helps restore healthy nails.
Minor surgical procedures
In some cases, the doctor may have to surgically remove the deformed nail, especially if there is complete separation or severe inflammation that does not respond to drug treatment.
Home and supportive treatment
- Moisturize nails and surrounding skin with moisturizing creams.
- Soak nails in warm water and apple cider vinegar to help limit fungal growth.
- Use natural oils such as olive oil or coconut oil to strengthen nails.
Ways to prevent nail deformity
Prevention plays a pivotal role in maintaining healthy nails and preventing their deformity, and includes:
Maintaining personal hygiene
Washing hands and feet regularly and drying them well reduces the chances of fungal and bacterial growth.
Wear appropriate shoes
It is preferable to choose comfortable shoes that allow ventilation of the feet and avoid tight shoes that put pressure on the nails.
Cut nails properly
Cutting nails straight and not cutting them too short helps prevent them from growing inward and becoming deformed.
Avoid harmful habits
- Such as biting nails
- or removing paint
- frequently using strong chemicals.
Proper nutrition
Eat a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals necessary for healthy nails.
Continuous hydration
- Keeping nails moisturized
- and the surrounding skin protects
- them from drying out and cracking.
Periodic medical examinations
If persistent abnormal changes appear in the nails, you should see a doctor to detect the cause early.
Conclusion
Nail deformity is not just an aesthetic problem, but may be an indicator of diseases or disorders in the body. Knowing the underlying cause of the deformity is the most important step in treatment, as early intervention and correct diagnosis help restore nail health quickly.
Following a healthy lifestyle, paying attention to hygiene, nutrition and prevention, maintains the healthy appearance of nails and avoids many problems.